A Three-Level PWM Method of Narrow Pulse Elimination and Neutral Point Balancing Jin Shun Zhong Yanru Ming Zhengfeng Wang Jianyuan (Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an,710048 China) Abstract:This paper introduced a simple but effective three-level SVPWM algorithm. On the basis of the method, a simple neutral point balancing and narrow pulse elimination algorithm without current sensor is proposed. The result of simulation and test verified that this algorithm is very simple to be carried out, and harmonics in output waveform are small, and neutral point voltage can be controlled very well, and narrow pulse problem is solved as well.. Finally, good result was achieved on three-level model inverter developed with TMS320LF2407 DSP . Key words:Three-level inverter / Neutral point voltage control / Current sensor Narrow pulse
1 前 言 目前,随着HVIGBT(High Voltage Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor高压绝缘栅极晶体管)和IGCT(Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor集成门极换向晶闸管)的普及,多电平逆变器在高压大功率变频调速及静止无功补偿方面有着越来越多的应用。在目前已实际应用的几种多电平结构中,二极管箝位多电平逆变器因其结构简单,容易实现四象限运行而更具有应用前景。考虑到最新器件的水平,10KV以下的中压大功率多电平逆变器已基本可以用二极管箝位三电平结构实现,发展和简化其控制策略对当前的二极管箝位三电平逆变器的工业化应用有重大的意义。 由于二极管箝位三电平逆变器自身结构的原因,中点电位不可避免地会产生漂移。使输出波形谐波含量加大,严重时由于上下电容分压严重不均而导致开关器件的损坏。可以从硬件和软件两方面来解决这个问题。考虑到成本及灵活性,通过对PWM主控制算法的改进来解决这个问题更具有竞争优势。现行的中点电位控制方法需要知道实时的负载电流信息,然后据此实施相应的控制策略。流行的方法是用两个电流传感器在逆变器输出端子检测两相电流。这在恒压频比的开环控制中不仅增加了系统成本,也增加了系统的复杂程度,降低了可靠性。本文以很有前途的一种简单的三电平空间电压矢量PWM方法[2]为基础,提出了一种简洁高效,非常适合于微处理器实现的无电流传感器三电平中点电位控制方法,同时能很好地解决窄脉冲问题。 2 主算法介绍 图1是NPC(Neutral Point Clamp中点箝位)逆变器拓扑结构图。 在保证1、3互补及2、4互补的前提下,开关状态组合能产生三个输出端电压状态:VDC/2,0,- VDC/2(分别标记为+,0,-)。三相桥臂共能输出27种状态,每种状态都对应一个空间电压矢量。
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